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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kusarkalem | om kusarkale |
| 2SG: | kusarkalet | ot kusarkale |
| 3SG: | kusarkala | ok/ogeš kusarkale |
| 1PL: | kusarkalena | ona/ogə̑na kusarkale |
| 2PL: | kusarkaleda | oda/ogə̑da kusarkale |
| 3PL: | kusarkalat | ogə̑t kusarkale |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kusarkalə̑šə̑m | šə̑m kusarkale |
| 2SG: | kusarkalə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kusarkale |
| 3SG: | kusarkalə̑š | ə̑š kusarkale |
| 1PL: | kusarkalə̑šna | ə̑šna kusarkale |
| 2PL: | kusarkalə̑šda | ə̑šda kusarkale |
| 3PL: | kusarkalə̑št | ə̑št kusarkale |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kusarkalenam | kusarkalen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kusarkalenat | kusarkalen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kusarkalen | kusarkalen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kusarkalenna | kusarkalen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kusarkalenda | kusarkalen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kusarkalenə̑t | kusarkalen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kusarkalem ə̑l'e | om kusarkale ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kusarkalet ə̑l'e | ot kusarkale ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kusarkala ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kusarkale ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kusarkalena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kusarkale ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kusarkaleda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kusarkale ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kusarkalat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kusarkale ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kusarkalem ulmaš | om kusarkale ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kusarkalet ulmaš | ot kusarkale ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kusarkala ulmaš | ok/ogeš kusarkale ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kusarkalena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kusarkale ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kusarkaleda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kusarkale ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kusarkalat ulmaš | ogə̑t kusarkale ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kusarkalenam ə̑l'e | kusarkalen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kusarkalenat ə̑l'e | kusarkalen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kusarkalen ə̑l'e | kusarkalen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kusarkalenna ə̑l'e | kusarkalen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kusarkalenda ə̑l'e | kusarkalen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kusarkalen ə̑l'e | kusarkalen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kusarkalenam ulmaš | kusarkalen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kusarkalenat ulmaš | kusarkalen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kusarkalen ulmaš | kusarkalen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kusarkalenna ulmaš | kusarkalen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kusarkalenda ulmaš | kusarkalen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kusarkalen ulmaš | kusarkalen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kusarkale | it kusarkale |
| 3SG: | kusarkalə̑že | ə̑nže kusarkale |
| 1PL: | (kusarkalena) | (ona/ogə̑na kusarkale) |
| 2PL: | kusarkalə̑za | ida kusarkale |
| 3PL: | kusarkalə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kusarkale |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kusarkalə̑nem | ə̑nem kusarkale |
| 2SG: | kusarkalə̑net | ə̑net kusarkale |
| 3SG: | kusarkalə̑neže | ə̑než kusarkale |
| 1PL: | kusarkalə̑nena | ə̑nena kusarkale |
| 2PL: | kusarkalə̑neda | ə̑neda kusarkale |
| 3PL: | kusarkalə̑nešt | ə̑nešt kusarkale |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kusarkalə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kusarkale ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kusarkalə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kusarkale ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kusarkalə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kusarkale ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kusarkalə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kusarkale ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kusarkalə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kusarkale ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kusarkalə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kusarkale ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kusarkalə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net kusarkale ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kusarkalə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než kusarkale ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kusarkalə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda kusarkale ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kusarkalə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kusarkale ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kusarkalaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kusarkalə̑man |
| Active participle: | kusarkalə̑še |
| Passive participle: | kusarkalə̑me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kusarkalə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | kusarkalə̑də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kusarkalen |
| Negative gerund: | kusarkalə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | kusarkalə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kusarkalə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kusarkalə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kusarkalə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | kusarkalə̑də̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||